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Kanem-Bornu Empire : ウィキペディア英語版 | Kanem-Bornu Empire
The Kanem-Bornu Empire was an empire that existed in modern Chad and Nigeria. It was known to the Arabian geographers as the Kanem Empire from the 9th century AD onward and lasted as the independent kingdom of Bornu until 1900. At its height it encompassed an area covering not only much of Chad, but also parts of modern southern Libya, eastern Niger, northeastern Nigeria and northern Cameroon. The history of the Empire in the ''longue durée'' is mainly known from the Royal Chronicle or ''Girgam'' discovered in 1851 by the German traveller Heinrich Barth.〔Barth, ''Travels'', II, 16–17.〕 ==Theories on the origin of Kanem== Kanem was located at the southern end of the trans-Saharan trade route between Tripoli and the region of Lake Chad. Besides its urban elite it included a confederation of nomadic peoples who spoke languages of the Teda–Daza (Toubou) group.
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